<![CDATA[The proliferation of the online gambling industry in Cambodia has increased the risk of trafficking in persons (TIP) among Indonesian citizens, particularly through fraudulent offers of high-paying employment. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the online gambling industry and TIP involving Indonesian citizens in Cambodia and to examine the forms of legal protection provided to victims. This study employed a doctrinal legal research method using a statutory approach and a case approach. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the online gambling industry in Cambodia is closely associated with TIP practices because it facilitates the systematic exploitation of labor. Legal protection for Indonesian citizens who are victims of TIP has been provided through national and international legal instruments, consular protection by the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Phnom Penh, and bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Cambodia. However, its implementation continues to face various obstacles, including regulatory differences, the complexity of transnational criminal networks, jurisdictional limitations, and weak cross-border law enforcement. This study emphasizes the need for an integrated, comprehensive, and victim-oriented legal protection model reinforced through international cooperation. These findings highlight the importance of continuously strengthening prevention, law enforcement, victim protection, and victim recovery efforts by the government and relevant stakeholders.]]>
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