<![CDATA[This study examines the vulnerability of female workers in Indonesia using data from the August 2023 National Labor Force Survey (SAKERNAS). Vulnerability is defined as employment in the informal sector, characterized by limited job protection, unstable income, and the absence of social security. The main issue addressed in this research is the high proportion of female workers engaged in informal employment and the lack of recent empirical analyses focusing specifically on its determinants. The study aims to identify individual and job-related characteristics influencing the likelihood of women entering vulnerable employment. A binary logistic regression model is employed, with independent variables including age, education, marital status, area classification, previous industry sector, and working hours status. The findings reveal that age significantly increases the probability of women working informally, whereas higher education levels substantially reduce vulnerability. Married women, those living in rural areas, and part-time workers are more likely to be in vulnerable employment. Additionally, prior work experience in the secondary sector decreases the likelihood of informal employment. Overall, the results indicate that female labor vulnerability is strongly shaped by educational constraints, household responsibilities, and regional labor market disparities. This study concludes that more comprehensive policy interventions are needed, particularly in expanding educational access, improving formal job opportunities in rural areas, and strengthening social protection for female workers.]]>
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