Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of illness and death in toddlers. Mothers, as primary caregivers, play a central role in early prevention efforts, but their knowledge and attitudes regarding pneumonia prevention remain variable. This study aims to examine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes and pneumonia prevention in toddlers. This study used a correlational quantitative design. The sample consisted of 126 mothers who had toddlers, selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that measured mothers' knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms, and pneumonia prevention efforts, as well as mothers' attitudes toward prevention practices. Data analysis used the Chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between mothers' knowledge levels and their efforts to prevent pneumonia in toddlers. Most mothers had a moderate level of knowledge, but there were still gaps in understanding, especially regarding risk factors and early detection. Mothers' attitudes toward pneumonia prevention were not fully reflected in optimal prevention practices. These findings indicate the need for consistent knowledge support and contextual reinforcement. This study emphasizes the importance of community-based nursing interventions that focus on increasing practical knowledge and forming preventive attitudes to strengthen efforts to prevent pneumonia in toddlers.
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