Asian Journal of Fertility, Endocrinology, and Reproduction
Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): April 2026

Flavonoids Extract of Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extract Ameliorated Inflammation Markers In Endometriosis Mice Models

Sutrisno Sutrisno (1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia)
Maharani Maharani (Department of Midwifery, Polytechnic of Health-Ministry of Health, Aceh, Indonesia)
Gema Alya Salsabila (Bachelor of Midwifery Program, Maharani Institute of Health Sciences, Malang, Indonesia)
Ani Khoirinda (Bachelor of Midwifery Program, Maharani Institute of Health Sciences, Malang, Indonesia)
Leni Ria Ariana (Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, Indonesia)
Ana Paramita Prastiwi (Eka Harapan Palangka Raya Institute of Health Sciences, Indonesia)
Maria Antonia Barbara Batu Mali (Diploma III Midwifery Study Program, Kupang Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
29 Apr 2026

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is an abnormal endometriosis growth in the outside of uterus, which performed pelvic pain and high inflammatory markers. This study investigated the potential endometriosis therapeutic agents of flavonoid compounds from P. macrocarpa in decreasing IGF-1, IL-33, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-Ɣ, and MUC1 levels in the endometriosis mice model. Methods: Forty female mice, weight 20 – 30 grams, 6 – 8 weeks old, were classified into 8 groups (Normal, Endometriosis (EM), EM +3.75; EM + 7.5; EM +11.25; EM + 15; EM + DNG; and EM + LA). Endometriosis mice models were induced by injecting cyclosporin, followed by adenomyosis tissue that was injected intramuscularly and ethynyl estradiol. Endometriosis mice were treated as group as for 14 days. The peritoneal fluid of all animal models was collected and analyzed by using ELISA. Result: Administrated of PME 7.5 mg/mice/day for 14 days increase IL-10. The PME decreased IL-2 significantly and improved the IL-2 levels as well as normal mice. PME also reduced IL17A, IGF1, IL-33 and lowered IL-4, IFN y, and Mucin1 levels. Conclusion: Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract altered inflammation marker protein of endometriosis mice model for 14 days and potentially for endometriosis therapeutic agents.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

AJFER

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

Description

The Asian Journal of Fertility, Endocrinology, and Reproduction (AJFER), first launched in 2025, is a peer-reviewed and open-access scientific journal dedicated to advancing knowledge in the fields of fertility, endocrinology, and reproduction health published by the Pusat Pelatihan Profesional ...