Studies on psychological methods in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) are increasingly relevant due to the evolving psychological characteristics of students in the digital era. Teachers are required to understand the cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of learners so that religious education does not merely focus on transmitting knowledge, but also shapes character, morality, and spiritual awareness. This article examines the application of modern psychological approaches including behavioristic, cognitive, humanistic, and socio-cultural perspectives in PAI learning. These approaches are analyzed as strategies to create religious education that is more adaptive, relevant, and human-centered. Furthermore, this article highlights how psychological insights assist teachers in designing instructional methods that align with students’ developmental needs, enabling religious values to be understood and internalized more meaningfully.
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