<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the implementation of Problem Based Learning in Islamic Religious Education and its implications for the development of students’ critical thinking skills at Muhammadiyah 1 Vocational High School in Probolinggo City. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings show that the implementation of Problem Based Learning encourages a shift from teacher-centered learning to student-oriented thinking activities. Presenting contextual problems related to real-life situations increases students’ cognitive engagement, enabling them not only to understand religious concepts textually but also to relate them to concrete situations. The development of critical thinking occurs through stages of problem identification, information selection, argumentative analysis, and reflective decision-making. Overall, this model contributes to creating a more participatory and contextual learning environment.]]>
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