Perlindungan Hukum Hak Cipta Fotografi Di Platform E-commerce

Thalita Rahmabilla Alvaroneta (Universitas Semarang)
Zaenal Arifin (Universitas Semarang)
Agus Saiful Abib (Universitas Semarang)
Andi Asri (Universitas Semarang)

JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE

This study aims to analyze the legal protection of photographic copyright on e-commerce platforms and to evaluate its effectiveness in addressing copyright infringements in the digital environment. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this research examines the regulatory framework under Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and its implementation in digital commerce practices. The findings reveal that although copyright protection has been formally established through the recognition of moral and economic rights and supported by preventive and repressive legal mechanisms, its implementation remains suboptimal due to challenges such as digital evidentiary constraints, limited enforcement capacity, low legal awareness, and unclear intermediary liability of e-commerce platforms. This study identifies a structural gap between normative regulation and practical enforcement, particularly in the context of platform-based transactions. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative analysis of copyright protection within the e-commerce ecosystem by emphasizing the role of digital platforms and technology-based enforcement mechanisms such as notice and takedown systems. The study contributes theoretically to the development of digital intellectual property law by incorporating an effectiveness-based approach, while practically offering policy recommendations to strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance platform accountability, and improve adaptive law enforcement to ensure legal certainty, justice, and protection for photographers in the digital economy.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap hak cipta fotografi di platform e-commerce serta mengevaluasi efektivitasnya dalam menanggulangi pelanggaran hak cipta di ruang digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual untuk mengkaji pengaturan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta serta implementasinya dalam praktik perdagangan digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun perlindungan hak cipta telah diatur secara formal melalui pengakuan hak moral dan hak ekonomi serta didukung oleh mekanisme preventif dan represif, implementasinya masih belum optimal akibat kendala pembuktian digital, keterbatasan penegakan hukum, rendahnya kesadaran hukum, serta belum jelasnya tanggung jawab platform e-commerce sebagai perantara. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya kesenjangan struktural antara pengaturan normatif dan praktik implementatif, khususnya dalam transaksi berbasis platform digital. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis integratif perlindungan hak cipta dalam ekosistem e-commerce dengan menekankan peran platform digital serta mekanisme penegakan hukum berbasis teknologi seperti sistem notice and takedown. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan hukum kekayaan intelektual berbasis digital melalui pendekatan efektivitas hukum, sedangkan secara praktis memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan untuk memperkuat regulasi, meningkatkan akuntabilitas platform, serta mengoptimalkan penegakan hukum yang adaptif guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan perlindungan bagi fotografer di era ekonomi digital.