Cadre Empowerment For The Implementation of Posyandu in The Integrated Primary Care (Ipc) Program: A Scoping Review

Ujang Riyanto (Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang)
Vivi Yosafianti Pohan (Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang)
Siti Aisah (Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang)

Jurnal Ners
Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026)

The transformation of Indonesia's health system through the Integrated Primary Care (IPC) Program has positioned Posyandu cadres as key actors in delivering life-course-based primary healthcare services. Cadre empowerment has become a crucial strategy for enhancing the successful implementation of IPC; however, the available evidence remains fragmented across different studies. This scoping review aimed to map the existing evidence on cadre empowerment in the implementation of Posyandu within the Integrated Primary Care (IPC) Program. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Of the 124 records identified, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized using narrative analysis. All included studies were published between 2025 and 2026 and employed various research designs, including cross-sectional (40.0%), mixed methods (20.0%), qualitative (20.0%), pre-/quasi-experimental (13.3%), and community service program studies (6.7%). Three major themes emerged: (1) training, mentoring, supervision, and digital learning improved cadres' knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, readiness, and performance; (2) individual, psychological, and organizational factors—including motivation, leadership, perceptions of change, incentives, and resource availability—influenced the implementation of IPC; and (3) implementation challenges included shortages of human resources, logistics, digital reporting systems, funding, supervision, and cross-sectoral collaboration. The findings indicate that cadre empowerment is a fundamental strategy for strengthening the implementation of Posyandu within the IPC Program. Sustainable capacity building through competency-based training, continuous mentoring, supportive supervision, certification, organizational support, and the integration of digital technologies is essential to improve the quality and sustainability of primary healthcare services.