Synthesizing Evidence on AI Integration in Education and Its Effects on Academic Performance: A Scoping Review

Imam Nurcahyo Fambudi (Universitas Paramadina)
Muhammad Farhan Dhifa Akbar (Universitas Paramadina)
Nanda Darajulia (Universitas Paramadina)
Resha Mutiaramadhani (Universitas Paramadina)
Tri Yuliyanti (Universitas Paramadina)

Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR)
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): February 2026

This scoping review examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is utilized to enhance academic performance in higher education. Despite growing student reliance on AI, comprehensive mapping of its applications and effectiveness remains limited. Using the PCC framework, empirical studies published in Scopus (2021–2025) were analyzed to identify forms of AI use, system types, research trends, and factors influencing implementation outcomes. Findings show that AI—especially Generative AI based on Large Language Models—improves academic performance by strengthening learning engagement and motivation. The review highlights a research shift from exploring AI’s potential to empirically evaluating its impact and emphasizes the need for an integrated conceptual model incorporating cognitive, motivational, and technology acceptance dimensions in AI-based learning.