<![CDATA[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab kerusakan jalan kabupaten di Desa Balai Sebut, Kecamatan Jangkang, Kabupaten Sanggau, serta bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum pemilik mobil angkutan kelapa sawit berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan dan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau Nomor 1 Tahun 2026 tentang Penyelenggaraan Jalan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris bersifat deskriptif analitis, dengan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap dua belas informan, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan jalan disebabkan oleh enam faktor, yaitu: (1) pengulangan lintasan truk bermuatan berat sekitar 20 sampai 30 kali per hari pada musim panen; (2) adanya indikasi kelebihan muatan berdasarkan keterangan informan dan kondisi muatan kendaraan; (3) ketiadaan jembatan timbang dan rambu kelas jalan; (4) keterbatasan daya dukung dan lebar jalan yang hanya 4 sampai 5 meter tanpa bahu jalan; (5) curah hujan tinggi tanpa drainase yang memadai; dan (6) belum terpenuhinya kewajiban preservasi jalan. Kerusakan tersebut memperlama waktu tempuh, meningkatkan biaya transportasi, menghambat kegiatan ekonomi desa, dan meningkatkan risiko kecelakaan. Pemilik angkutan secara normatif dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban perdata berdasarkan Pasal 1365 juncto Pasal 1367 ayat (3) KUHPerdata dan Pasal 234 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009, pertanggungjawaban administratif berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau Nomor 1 Tahun 2026, pertanggungjawaban pidana, serta pertanggungjawaban sukarela melalui musyawarah desa. Namun, tidak satu pun bentuk tersebut pernah terwujud, karena hubungan kausal belum didukung survei teknis, sanksi administratif tidak menjangkau pengepul perseorangan, indikasi kelebihan muatan tidak pernah terverifikasi, dan kontribusi sukarela tidak mengikat. Kata Kunci: angkutan kelapa sawit, kerusakan jalan kabupaten, pertanggungjawaban hukum, perbuatan melawan hukum, eksternalitas negatif. This study aims to analyze the factors causing damage to regency roads in Balai Sebut Village, Jangkang District, Sanggau Regency, and the forms of legal liability of oil palm transport vehicle owners under Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and Sanggau Regency Regulation Number 1 of 2026 concerning Road Management. This is empirical legal research of a descriptive analytical nature, using primary data obtained through interviews with twelve informants, observation, and documentation, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the road damage is caused by six factors: (1) the repeated passage of heavily loaded trucks, around 20 to 30 trips per day in the harvest season; (2) indications of overloading based on the informants’ statements and the observed condition of the vehicle loads; (3) the absence of weighbridges and road class signs; (4) the limited bearing capacity and width of the road, which is only 4 to 5 meters wide without shoulders; (5) high rainfall without adequate drainage; and (6) the unfulfilled duty of road preservation. The damage lengthens travel time, increases transportation costs, hampers the village economy, and raises the risk of accidents. Normatively, the owners may be held liable under civil law pursuant to Article 1365 in conjunction with Article 1367 paragraph (3) of the Indonesian Civil Code and Article 234 paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 of 2009, under administrative law pursuant to Sanggau Regency Regulation Number 1 of 2026, under criminal law, and through voluntary liability based on village deliberation. However, none of these forms has ever materialized, because causation lacks a technical survey, administrative sanctions do not reach individual collectors, the indications of overloading have never been verified, and voluntary contributions are not binding. Keywords: oil palm transportation, regency road damage, legal liability, unlawful act, negative externality.]]>
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