<![CDATA[Praktik over kredit rumah subsidi di bawah tangan tanpa sepengetahuan bank masih banyak terjadi di masyarakat, khususnya karena faktor ekonomi dan kemudahan proses dibandingkan dengan mekanisme resmi melalui lembaga perbankan. Praktik tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan hukum, terutama terkait keabsahan perjanjian dan perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak yang terlibat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan hukum over kredit rumah subsidi yang dilakukan di bawah tangan tanpa sepengetahuan bank serta mengkaji akibat hukum yang timbul dari praktik tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologis hukum. Data diperoleh melalui penelitian lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara kepada pihak-pihak terkait, serta didukung oleh data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, dan dokumen yang relevan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik over kredit rumah subsidi di bawah tangan tanpa sepengetahuan bank tidak memenuhi syarat sahnya perjanjian sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1320 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, khususnya terkait unsur sebab yang halal dan kewenangan para pihak. Selain itu, praktik tersebut bertentangan dengan ketentuan perjanjian kredit dan regulasi perumahan subsidi yang mewajibkan persetujuan pihak bank. Akibat hukum dari praktik ini adalah perjanjian over kredit tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum mengikat terhadap pihak bank, serta berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian hukum bagi debitur, kreditur, maupun pihak ketiga. Dengan demikian, diperlukan pemahaman hukum yang lebih baik bagi masyarakat serta pengawasan yang lebih ketat dari pihak terkait guna mencegah terjadinya praktik over kredit rumah subsidi secara tidak sah dan memberikan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak. Kata Kunci : Keabsahan hukum, over kredit, rumah subsidi, perjanjian di bawah tangan, bank The practice of transferring subsidized housing loans through informal agreements without the knowledge of the bank is still commonly found in society, particularly due to economic factors and the perceived ease of the process compared to official banking procedures. However, such practices raise legal issues, especially regarding the validity of the agreement and legal protection for the parties involved. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legal validity of subsidized housing loan transfers conducted underhandedly without the bank’s knowledge and to examine the legal consequences arising from such practices. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a sociological legal approach. The data were obtained through field research by conducting interviews with relevant parties and supported by secondary data consisting of laws and regulations, legal literature, and relevant documents. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively to address the research problems. The results of the study indicate that the practice of transferring subsidized housing loans through informal agreements without the bank’s knowledge does not fulfill the legal requirements of a valid agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code, particularly regarding the element of lawful cause and the authority of the parties. Furthermore, such practices contradict the provisions of credit agreements and subsidized housing regulations that require the bank’s approval. The legal consequence is that the underhand loan transfer agreement does not have binding legal force against the bank and may potentially cause legal losses to the debtor, the creditor, and third parties. Therefore, greater legal awareness among the public and stricter supervision by relevant authorities are necessary to prevent unlawful subsidized housing loan transfer practices and to ensure legal certainty for all parties involved. Keywords : Legal validity, loan transfer, subsidized housing, underhand agreement, bank]]>
Copyrights © 2026
