<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Problem Solving Cycle (PSC) implementation in public health program planning through a conceptual and contextual literature review approach. The main focus of the study is to examine how the literature conceptualizes power dynamics and contextual factors that influence the implementation of PSC, identify the determinants of the gap between planning and implementation, and examine the definition and measurement of process quality, participation, equity, and sustainability of outcomes. This study used a non-systematic literature review design for 26 SCOPUS and Web of Science indexed journal articles. Data were extracted using a synthesis matrix and analyzed through a narrative thematic approach based on key categories: power mechanisms, implementation factors, process quality, and sustainability. The results show that the effectiveness of PSC implementation is influenced by the distribution of authority, control of resources, institutional capacity, accountability mechanisms, and leadership support. The gap between planning and implementation was found to be a consistent pattern, especially in the context of limited resources and weak monitoring systems. Process quality, participation rate, and integration of equity considerations are related to the legitimacy and sustainability of results. This study emphasizes that PSC is a social process that is influenced by governance dynamics and organizational contexts, and requires strengthening capacity and accountability systems to increase its effectiveness]]>
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