<![CDATA[Coal reclamation sites, characterized by low pH and high heavy metal concentrations, serve as invaluable stress laboratories. Plants growing in these environments are forced to upregulate secondary metabolic pathways as a defense mechanism against oxidative stress. This stress condition makes the flora of coal reclamation sites a more concentrated source of bioactive compounds than plants in normal soil. This study profiled the bioactive compounds and analyzed the biological activity of Passiflora foetida L. root extracts based on the age of the reclamation site. The ethanol extracts from P. foetida plants were fractionated to identify the bioactive compounds. The bioactive compound profile was determined using LC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted detection methods, while the biological activity analysis included the evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in each obtained fraction. Chemical profiling revealed highly significant differences in compound composition among the various sample types. Across all bioassays, the ethyl acetate fraction from the reclamation sample was consistently the most active, confirming that semi-polar alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids are the dominant pharmacophore classes in the root extracts of P. foetida. Analysis of the abundance of compounds produced in response to stress at the reclamation site indicates pharmacological potential, supporting the value of plant material from both locations as a source of bioactive natural products. This demonstrates the significant potential of the downstream processing of former mining sites into promising sources of natural medicines.]]>
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