<![CDATA[Signalized intersections in Medan combine heterogeneous traffic with repeated stopping and queueing, but operational congestion does not necessarily identify the largest emission sources. This study integrates PKJI 2023 traffic-performance indicators, five-pollutant emission estimation, exploratory regression, and QGIS mapping at 16 purposively selected intersections. Estimated aggregate emission mass rates, not measured ambient concentrations, ranged from 1,738.24 to 35,645.35 kg/hour in the reported inventory; CO2 was the largest mass component. The intersection with the longest queue and delay did not have the highest estimated emissions. The original regression yielded R² = 0.6787 and adjusted R² = 0.5984. A diagnostic refit of the rounded tabulated data gave F(3, 12) = 8.452, nominal p = 0.0027, but revealed severe delay–queue collinearity and an observation with leverage 0.9976. Coefficients therefore describe conditional associations and do not establish causal effects. Sixteen archived map layouts provide relative source-intensity visualization; the recovered Sisingamangaraja–Ir. H. Juanda–Halat layout closes the previous map gap, but the archived GIS outputs are not methodologically homogeneous and do not establish atmospheric dispersion or exposure. The integrated framework can inform the selection of sites for operational and environmental monitoring. Uniform observation intervals, traceable emission factors and time normalization, and reproducible GIS settings are needed before absolute prediction or intervention benefits can be validated.]]>
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