<![CDATA[This study analyzes the Medina Charter as a historical-juridical foundation for reconceptualizing Islamic economic law and contemporary muamalah based on sustainability principles. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a library research method, this research integrates contemporary Maqasid al-Shari'ah theory (specifically the pillar of hifz al-bi'ah), Green Economy theory, and Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action. The findings demonstrate that the designation of the Yathrib Valley as a haram (sacred) zone (Article 39) served not only as a political-security consensus but also as an early form of ecological conservation regulation that restricted the exploitation of natural resources. Furthermore, the charter's anti-mafsadah principles and distributive justice lay the ethical foundation for organizing an inclusive Islamic financial market. From a legal-practical perspective, the charter's core values of ta'awun (mutual assistance) and joint financial cost-sharing provide historical legitimacy for structuring contemporary muamalah contracts. This is reflected in the framework of Green Sukuk based on DSN-MUI fatwas, the governance of productive Green Waqf regulated by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), and the transformation of the ma'aqil tradition into a risk-protection scheme based on the tabarru' contract in Takaful. Consequently, the Medina Charter proves to provide a normative blueprint connecting muamalah contract compliance with modern green financial governance.]]>
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