Intertidal gastropod biodiversity associated with shrimp aquaculture effluents exposure in Lombok and Sumbawa Islands, Indonesia

EDWIN JEFRI (Doctoral Program in Agricultural Science, Universitas Hasanuddin. Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)
JAMALUDDIN JOMPA (Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin. Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)
NADIARTI NURDIN KADIR (Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin. Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)
NURLIAH BUHARI (Program of Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Mataram. Jl. Pendidikan No. 37, Mataram 83125, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 27 No. 9 (2026)

Abstract. Jefri E, Jompa J, Kadir NN, Buhari N. 2026. Intertidal gastropod biodiversity associated with shrimp aquaculture effluents exposure in Lombok and Sumbawa Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (9): d270912. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270912. Shrimp aquaculture has expanded rapidly across the Indonesian archipelago, raising concerns regarding its potential influence on adjacent intertidal ecosystems. This study assessed the biodiversity and community structure of intertidal gastropods at coastal sites associated with shrimp aquaculture effluent exposure on Lombok and Sumbawa Islands, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Gastropods were sampled using 1 × 1 m² quadrats along 100 m transects; abundance, diversity, dominance, and evenness indices were calculated, and generalized linear models (GLMs) and Correspondence Analysis (CA) evaluated spatial patterns in community metrics and family composition. A total of 124 species belonging to 63 genera and 31 families were recorded. Cerithiidae and Nassariidae were the most species-rich families (14 species each), followed by Cypraeidae (10) and Pisaniidae (9). Species richness ranged from 17 at SKT to 56 at SBL. The highest and most seasonally stable mean diversity occurred at SBL, whereas PMK and PTN exhibited lower diversity and higher dominance, consistent with assemblage simplification in effluent-associated environments. GLM analyses revealed significant location effects on diversity (Wald χ²: 56.484, df: 3, p<0.001) and dominance (Wald χ²: 17.598, df: 3, p<0.001); seasonal effects were not significant. CA confirmed significant family-location associations (χ²: 1186.835, df: 120, p<0.001), with PMK most compositionally isolated (Dimension 1 contribution: 55.9%) and high spatial turnover across stations (mean Bray-Curtis: 0.885±0.109). These findings highlight substantial spatial variation in gastropod assemblages and support the use of intertidal gastropods as bioindicators for ecological monitoring in coastal ecosystems associated with aquaculture development.