<![CDATA[This study explores the construction of hegemonic masculinity within the classical Nusantara exegetical tradition, focusing on Muhammad Azhari’s (d. 1947) manuscript Hadiyat Al-Nisā’. The article aims to uncover how gender relations are interpreted in Surah Al-Nisā’, particularly verses 19 and 34, through the theoretical lens of Antonio Gramsci’s hegemonic masculinity framework which emphasizes typologies of power relations. The research employs a qualitative method with content analysis and thematic analysis techniques, involving stages of manuscript inventory and authenticity verification, categorization of exegetical interpretations related to marital relations, and application of integral, decident, and minimal hegemony typologies. The findings reveal three forms of hegemony: integral hegemony, emphasizing the wife’s obligation to obey her husband including sexual fulfillment; decident hegemony, highlighting the creation of woman from a bent rib as a symbol of weakness yet uniqueness to be respected; and minimal hegemony, stressing mutual affection and respect in marital relationships. These results indicate that Azhari’s interpretation not only reflects patriarchal dominance but also opens space for a more balanced reinterpretation of gender relations, thereby contributing to Nusantara tafsir studies, Islamic gender discourse, and critical perspectives on classical manuscripts.]]>
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