<![CDATA[The development of CRISPR-Cas9 technology offers therapeutic potential while raising legal and ethical concerns regarding safety, human protection, and intergenerational effects. This study examines the legal status and limitations of human gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 under Indonesian national and Islamic law. This normative legal research employs statutory and conceptual approaches with descriptive-qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that CRISPR-Cas9 cannot be categorically classified as permissible or prohibited under Islamic law, as its status depends on purpose, medical necessity, safety, efficacy, and consequences. Therapeutic applications for serious genetic diseases may be justified on a limited basis under strict conditions, whereas non-therapeutic enhancement and heritable germline interventions require stringent restrictions due to potential mafsadah and intergenerational harm. Under Indonesian law, the absence of specific regulation creates legal uncertainty concerning licensing, ethical oversight, and liability. Therefore, a risk-based regulatory framework distinguishing therapeutic and non-therapeutic applications and strengthening ethical oversight is required.]]>
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