<![CDATA[This research was conducted to address the issue of high iron (Fe) levels in borewell water in Sungai Kupah Village, Sungai Kakap District, which adversely affects the community’s clean water quality. The primary objective is to analyze the effectiveness of the slow sand filtration method in reducing Fe concentrations and to determine the most optimal composition of filtration materials. The study employed a two-stage experimental approach, utilizing shell sand, zeolite, and coconut shell charcoal as filtration media. The test results indicate that shell sand was able to reduce Fe levels from 24.78 mg/L to 0.21 mg/L, while coconut shell charcoal reduced Fe levels to 0.32 mg/L. Zeolite showed fluctuating results, with a final Fe concentration of 7.28 mg/L. The combination of shell sand, charcoal, and zeolite yielded the most effective Fe reduction, lowering the concentration from 4.64 mg/L to 0.14 mg/L in Dusun Sepakat. Other parameters such as pH increased from 5.8 to 6.8, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) remained below the safe limit (<300 mg/L). The study concludes that slow sand filtration with the appropriate material composition can serve as a practical solution for communities to obtain safe and usable clean water.]]>
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