Perkembangan Fiqh Pada Masa Sahabat, Tabi’in, Munculnya Mazhab dan Konsep Ijtihad serta Taqlid

Nur Aisyah Agustin Bakhri (Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang)
Zulheldi Zulheldi (Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang)
Sabhamis Sabhamis (Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang)

Journal of Islamic Law El Madani
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025)

During the era of the Companions and after the emergence of established schools of fiqh, Islamic jurisprudence developed rapidly and dynamically throughout history. During the era of the Companions, fiqh developed based on a direct understanding of the Qur'an and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, as well as the practice of ijtihad to resolve new issues that arose as the Islamic territory expanded. This article aims to examine the history of fiqh development from the era of the Companions and the Tabi'in to the emergence of schools of thought, as well as to understand the meaning of ijtihad and taqlid in the process of fiqh development. The method used is qualitative literature research. The results of this article show that the development of fiqh cannot be separated from the social, cultural, and intellectual context of Muslims at each stage of its development, and emphasize the importance of ijtihad as a tool for the renewal of Islamic law and the role of taqlid in maintaining the continuity of scientific tradition.