<![CDATA[Children exposed to terrorism represent a highly vulnerable group often overlooked in national security policies and legal frameworks. Rather than being recognized as victims of extremist environments they did not choose, these children are frequently perceived as potential threats. This article explores the legal, psychological, and social dimensions of child protection within the context of violent extremism in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through literature-based research, the study finds that although Indonesia has enacted legal instruments such as the Child Protection Law and Anti-Terrorism Law, there remains a lack of specific regulations addressing the protection of children in terrorism-related situations. Key challenges include the absence of technical guidelines, weak institutional coordination, and persistent social stigma, all of which hinder the rehabilitation and reintegration process. Policy reform is urgently needed, including the development of child-centered legal provisions, psychosocial recovery frameworks, and stronger community involvement. Inclusive and sustainable protection efforts are essential to uphold children's rights, even in the face of ideological violence.]]>
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