<![CDATA[Indonesia’s post-1998 democratic transition and the International Monetary Fund’s liberalization agenda weakened state authority in food governance, increased exposure to global rice markets, and intensified pressure on domestic farmers. This study examined how President Megawati Soekarnoputri’s administration reconfigured the state’s role in Indonesian food security between 2001 and 2004. Using a qualitative critical historical method, the study collected and evaluated government regulations, state archives, presidential speeches, statistical reports, and contemporary media sources through heuristics, external and internal criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data were analyzed using interactive qualitative and thematic analysis within historical-sociological and interpretive frameworks. The findings showed that the administration restored policy space through the 2001 National Rice Policy, the 2002 Food Security Regulation, and BULOG’s transformation into a public corporation in 2003. These measures strengthened government purchasing prices, domestic stock management, and farmer protection while preserving institutional flexibility. The Gema Palagung and Raskin programs integrated production revitalization, market stabilization, and food access for poor households. The 2004 rice import moratorium represented measured resistance to neoliberal pressure and affirmed food security as an element of national sovereignty. The study concluded that Megawati’s administration developed a middle-ground governance model combining state intervention, social protection, domestic production, and selective market mechanisms.]]>
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