Pengaruh Intensitas Cahaya dan Suhu terhadap Transpirasi Tanaman: Tinjauan Literatur

Salsabila Sintia Putri Maharani (IPB University)
Siti Saskia Annisa Safitri (IPB University)
Desty Ratna Ayu (IPB University)
Andhika Putra Wardany (IPB University)
Sawung Pethak Putra Widianto (IPB University)
Fakhri Aqila Sulthan (IPB University)
Dhika Prita Hapsari (IPB University)
Hafith Furqoni (IPB University)

Botani: Publikasi Ilmu Tanaman dan Agribisnis
Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): September: Botani: Publikasi Ilmu Tanaman dan Agribisnis

Transpiration is an essential physiological process that plays a role in maintaining plant water balance, leaf temperature, and nutrient transport. This review aims to analyze the effects of light intensity and temperature on transpiration rates and to understand their interaction in regulating stomatal activity. The study employed a literature review method by examining 30 articles obtained from Google Scholar and ResearchGate published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that increasing light intensity promotes stomatal opening and raises leaf temperature, thereby accelerating water loss. Higher temperatures also increase the vapor pressure gradient between leaf tissues and the atmosphere, resulting in greater transpiration rates. However, excessively high temperatures can trigger stomatal closure as a response to heat stress. The interaction between light and temperature determines the balance between evaporation and plant protection. Microclimate management through shading, protective structures, and environmental regulation is therefore necessary to maintain water-use efficiency and support optimal plant growth and productivity under various cultivation conditions, particularly in hot tropical regions.