Perlindungan Hukum Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia

Ika Andri Mellani (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Lampung)
M Fakih (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Lampung)
Muhtadi Muhtadi (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Lampung)
Yulia Kusuma Wardani (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Lampung)
Rehulina Rehulina (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Lampung)

JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum

Persons with mental disorders (ODGJ) who commit murder face procedural injustice and inadequate medical treatment. This study analyses legal protection within the Indonesian criminal justice system and compares it with practices in other countries. It employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings show that although Article 44 of the Criminal Code and the Mental Health Law provide a legal basis for protection, their implementation remains weak due to limited forensic psychiatric facilities, inconsistent psychiatric examinations, and the absence of a structured Matrigel mechanism. These findings underscore the urgency of reforming the criminal justice system to be more integrated and oriented toward the protection of rights and the comprehensive rehabilitation of persons with mental disorders.