Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): August

Evaluating Habit Formation in Developing Students’ Independent Character Using the CIPP Model

Muhammad Abdurrozaqul Mubarok (Universitas Darul Ulum Islamic Centre Sudirman GUPPI, Indonesia)
Matori Matori (Universitas Darul Ulum Islamic Centre Sudirman GUPPI, Indonesia)
Zaenal Abidin (Universitas Darul Ulum Islamic Centre Sudirman GUPPI, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Aug 2026

Abstract

The effectiveness of the habit formation method in developing students’ independent character needs to be comprehensively evaluated, particularly in relation to program needs, resource readiness, implementation processes, and outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the habit formation method in developing students’ independent character using the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) evaluation model. The study employed a qualitative approach with an evaluative research design. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving pesantren caregivers, ustaz, administrators, and students as informants. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that, in the context component, the habit formation method was directed toward developing students’ ability to regulate themselves, demonstrate discipline and responsibility, and become independent. In the input component, program implementation was supported by the role modeling of caregivers and ustaz, institutional regulations, a religious environment, and a guidance system, although differences in students’ backgrounds and adaptive abilities presented challenges. In the process component, character development was carried out through daily routines, supervision, role modeling, and continuous guidance. In the product component, students demonstrated improved abilities to manage personal needs, time, tasks, and responsibilities, as well as a shift from compliance with instructions toward personal awareness and initiative. These findings indicate that the development of independent character through habit formation occurs through the interaction of program objectives, environmental readiness, repeated practices, supervision, and students’ direct experiences in fulfilling responsibilities.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JIE

Publisher

Subject

Religion Education Environmental Science Other

Description

The Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education is dedicated to scholars, teachers, and anyone interested in the evolution of knowledge in Islamic Education. Articles published in the Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education need to fit with the expectation of scientific rigor concerning the ...