<![CDATA[Rabies is an infectious disease that causes problems in the brain and nerves. This disease can be transmitted to humans through saliva or bites from animals that are already infected with rabies. Among the 26 provinces that are rabies-endemic in Indonesia, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is the most affected province. From January to July 2024, NTT recorded 16,180 cases of animal bites that could cause rabies and 27 deaths due to rabies. The purpose of this literature review is to study the risk factors and socio-cultural behaviors of rabies-transmitting animals that occur on Timor Island (Indonesia). This review uses scientific publications from 2024-2026. The search was conducted from April to September 2026. The combination of search keywords includes Rabies, GHPR, Timor Island, rabies in Timor Island, with the main source being Google Scholar. Data from the articles that were found then identified risk factors and social, cultural, and geographical aspects that affect rabies control efforts on Timor Island. The results showed that risk factors and social, cultural, and geographical aspects influence rabies control efforts on Timor Island. The conclusion is that GHPR cases occurring on Timor Island are caused by many factors such as the number of dog ownerships, provocative actions towards dogs, the number of dogs in the area, individual knowledge, age, maintenance practices, contact with HPR, HPR health checks, and HPR vaccination.]]>
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