<![CDATA[Flash floods are highly destructive hydrometeorological disasters that threaten infrastructure integrity and public safety in the Krueng Meuh Sub-watershed, Bireuen District. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive hydrological analysis of flash flood triggers by evaluating physical characteristics and land-use dynamics. The methodology integrates Digital Elevation Model (DEM) analysis for slope mapping, daily rainfall data (2020-2024) to calculate the five-day Antecedent Precipitation Index (API5), and remote sensing to detect land-cover changes. These parameters were synthesized within a Geographic Information System (GIS) using the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) approach to identify spatial vulnerability zones. The results reveal that over 50% of the study area consists of steep to very steep slopes dominated by erodible geological materials. Soil conditions reached high saturation levels prior to flood events, with API5 values ranging from 57.6 to 71.3 mm. Furthermore, the massive conversion of forest into plantations (57.68%) has significantly increased surface runoff coefficients. FFPI analysis classifies the majority of the sub-watershed into moderate to very high vulnerability levels. These findings provide critical scientific evidence for local authorities to formulate spatial-based mitigation strategies and adaptive watershed management.]]>
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