Indonesian Journal of Language and Economic Discourse
Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Debt, inequality, and everyday economic life in Indonesia

Buy now, worry later: pay-later advertising, consumer desire, and the linguistic normalization of debt in Indonesia

Suaidi (Universitas Islam Negeri Madura)



Article Info

Publish Date
04 Oct 2026

Abstract

Background: Pay-later advertising in Indonesia has become a prominent site where digital retail, consumer credit, and platform persuasion converge, yet its linguistic role in making debt appear ordinary remains insufficiently examined. Objective: This study examines how Indonesian pay-later advertising frames deferred payment as desire, convenience, access, and financially acceptable consumption. Method: This study applies corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis to 18 primary public advertising and product texts, supported by secondary and regulatory contextual materials, using lexical framing, pragmatic-semiotic analysis, and risk-visibility audit. Results: Promotional discourse is dominated by savings-oriented and immediacy-oriented frames that foreground “0%,” flexibility, and present access while reducing the salience of repayment obligation. Debt is further softened through burden-reduction wording, platform legitimacy, and aspirational displacement that make borrowing appear compatible with smart, modern, and routine consumption. Risk-related information is unevenly visible, with cost and tenor more prominent than penalty, default, and explicit debt naming. Implication: These findings show that BNPL advertising should be evaluated not only as marketing, but also as financial discourse that shapes consumer understandings of obligation. Novelty: This study offers a discourse-based model for explaining how pay-later promotion normalizes debt through the interaction of desire, temporality, and selective risk visibility.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijle

Publisher

Subject

Description

Indonesian Journal of Language and Economic Discourse is a double blind peer-reviewed scholarly journal that publishes original research articles and critical studies at the intersection of language, discourse, and economic processes. This journal is published quarterly as a platform for the ...