<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the regulation of citizen lawsuits (CLS) concerning unlawful acts by the government (onrechtmatige overheidsdaad/OOD) and to examine the legal considerations of the Supreme Court in Decision Number 1206 K/PDT/2024. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, which are analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive method. The results indicate that the regulation of CLS in Indonesia contains legal ambiguity, particularly regarding the legal standing of citizens and the jurisdictional boundaries of courts in adjudicating OOD cases. However, the Supreme Court, through its decision, has introduced a legal breakthrough by accepting CLS as a mechanism to hold the state accountable for its negligence in protecting public interests, especially in the context of online lending practices. This legal reasoning reflects a paradigm shift toward more substantive protection of citizens’ rights. Therefore, CLS plays a strategic role in strengthening state accountability and legal protection for society.]]>
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