<![CDATA[Facing deforestation pressures and external economic threats, the Namblong community strategically transformed their Customary Community-Owned Enterprise (BUMMA) into a Limited Liability Company to secure legal certainty while preserving communal norms. This study examines how the customary governance system of the Namblong Tribe has been institutionalized within a modern corporate legal structure to advance indigenous economic sovereignty and sustainable development. This research employs a qualitative approach, combining primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants, including the customary leader of the Namblong Tribe, the President Director (YNN), a BUMMA facilitating partner, the Chair of the Namblong, Customary Council, and the Chair of the Namblong Indigenous Women’s Organization. In addition, this research utilized field observation in the Namblong District, Jayapura Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia. Meanwhile, secondary data were collected from reliable source such as journal publications, reports from non-governmental organisations, government websites and relevant mass media articles. This study demonstrates that PT YNN has developed a hybrid governance model through the alignment of organizational structure, normative principles, institutional objectives, and leadership rooted in local wisdom. The Customary Shareholders’ Meeting emerges as a key institutional innovation that negotiates and integrates customary and state legal orders, thereby operationalizing legal pluralism. This hybrid model potentially contributes to sustainable institutional development by enhancing community participation, economic self-determination, and forest protection. Thus, it offers an exemplary framework for driving indigenous-based governance innovations.]]>
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