<![CDATA[This study was conducted in response to the growing challenges of digital transformation and governance reform, which require effective and context-sensitive records management practices. In this regard, understanding the factors that influence records management effectiveness across different national contexts becomes increasingly important. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the effectiveness of records management in Indonesia and Malaysia and identify the differences between both countries. The data collected went through a multi-group analysis that employed the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that organizational policies and culture have a significant impact on human resources and records management in Indonesia but is somehow different in Malaysia since technology is greatly affecting human resource competency and the effectiveness of records management. This finding implies an urgent need to adjust records management strategies according to the contexts of each country. Furthermore, the study contributes to the development of comparative records management literature by providing empirical evidence on how organizational and technological dimensions interact differently across national settings, offering practical insights for policymakers and archival institutions in designing adaptive and sustainable records management frameworks. ]]>
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