<![CDATA[Indonesia ranks second globally for tuberculosis (TB) cases, and TB remains a major public health problem. Smoking behavior and exposure to secondhand smoke at home are suspected to reduce respiratory immunity, thereby increasing susceptibility to TB infection. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between smoking duration and exposure to secondhand smoke at home with the incidence of tuberculosis among family members in the working area of Kuta Alam Public Health Center, Banda Aceh City. This quantitative analytical study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted from May to July 2026. The population consisted of all TB patients registered at Kuta Alam Health Center in 2024–2025, totaling 40 respondents, all of whom were included as the sample using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that most respondents had a smoking duration of less than 10 years (75.0%) and were exposed to cigarette smoke at home every day (40.0%), while 35.0% of respondents experienced tuberculosis. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between smoking duration (p = 0.001) and exposure to secondhand smoke at home (p = 0.001) with the incidence of tuberculosis among family members. This study concludes that smoking duration and exposure to secondhand smoke at home are significantly associated with the incidence of tuberculosis. Strengthening education on smoking behavior control and establishing smoke-free home environments are needed as family-based efforts to prevent TB transmission.]]>
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