<![CDATA[Islamic banking has been expanding in OIC countries but its systemic stability and contribution to SDGs are not well examined. The study examined the determinants of the stability of Islamic banking focusing on SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 4 (Quality Education) with a dynamic panel data of 44 OIC countries (2015–2025). Endogeneity and country-specific effects are controlled for in the study using the System Generalised Method of Moments (Sys-GMM). The key variables are CAR, FDR and GDP growth, while inflation and bank size are control variables. Z-score and NPF measure stability. The results show that CAR has a significant positive effect on the Z-score (β = 0.231, p < 0.01) and a negative effect on NPF (β = -0.189, p < 0.01), confirming the capital buffer hypothesis. FDR exhibits a non-linear risk-liquidity trade-off, whereas GDP growth always supports stability. Most importantly, the SDGs composite proxy exhibits a strong positive association with stability, which implies that a stronger social development trajectory would offer a conducive environment for sound Islamic financial intermediation. The findings have important policy implications for OIC regulators to align prudential frameworks with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.]]>
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