<![CDATA[Financial statement fraud is a serious threat to corporate integrity and sustainability, especially in strategic institutions such as Pertamina. This research aims to analyze the risk of financial statement fraud, identify causal factors, and develop a comprehensive risk management framework to prevent and detect potential financial manipulation. The research uses a mixed-method approach by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection was conducted through a literature study, analysis of company documents, in-depth interviews with financial practitioners, and a survey of risk management within Pertamina. The results revealed several critical factors that contribute to fraud risk, including the complexity of the organizational structure, weaknesses in internal control, pressure to achieve performance targets, and opportunities for abuse of authority. Effective risk management requires a multidimensional approach, including strengthening governance, early detection systems, professional ethics, and empowering the internal audit function.]]>
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