<![CDATA[The COVID-19 virus induces physiological alterations in blood composition and biochemical parameters, leading to elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and human C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). Given their strong association with the disease, these biomarkers are considered crucial indicators of infection severity. Data analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between inflammatory biomarkers (specifically CCL2, CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, and ESR) and COVID-19 disease severity, with CCL2 levels showing a highly significant increase (P < 0.001) in patients compared to healthy controls. Patients were stratified based on disease severity in accordance with the clinical guidelines established by the Iraqi Ministry of Health. These findings highlight the practical clinical diagnostic value of CCL2 in assessing COVID-19 progression.]]>
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