Analisis Akad Ijarah Ala Al-Amal terhadap Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak

Ghaida Fairuz Zahran (Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung)
Sandy Rizki Febriadi (Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung)
Arif Rijal Anshori (Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung)

Bandung Conference Series : Sharia Economic Law
159-166

Abstract. Unilateral termination of employment (PHK) at “X” Travel Service highlights major gaps in worker protection due to the absence of written contracts and minimal deliberation between employees and the company. This study aims to analyze such unilateral dismissals from the perspective of akad ijarah ala al-amal (Islamic law)), evaluating the consistency of these practices with the principles of justice and legal protection. A qualitative descriptive method with a normative-juridical approach was applied. Primary data were collected through interviews with affected employees and the company’s HR department. Secondary data were sourced from literature reviews and official legal documents. Analysis involved data reduction, descriptive exposition, and comparative assessment between sharia norms and positive law.The findings show that unilateral terminations without written agreements and proper deliberation violate core principles of justice both in the akad ijarah framework and national regulations, significantly undermining employees’ rights to wages and severance pay. The study recommends strengthening the use of written contracts, increasing legal literacy, and optimizing the role of mediation institutions in the resolution of employment disputes. The author expresses sincere gratitude to the academic supervisor, all sources, and contributors to this research. Abstrak. Pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) sepihak pada karyawan “X” Travel Service, dengan menyoroti celah perlindungan pekerja akibat tidak adanya kontrak kerja tertulis dan minimnya musyawarah antara pekerja dan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis PHK sepihak dari perspektif akad ijarah ala al-amal (hukum Islam) serta menilai kesesuaian praktik tersebut dengan prinsip keadilan dan perlindungan hukum. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara pada karyawan terdampak dan HRD perusahaan sebagai sumber primer, serta studi literatur dan dokumen hukum sebagai data sekunder. Analisis dilakukan dengan reduksi data, pemaparan deskriptif, serta komparasi norma syariah dan hukum positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PHK sepihak tanpa kontrak dan tanpa prosedur musyawarah melanggar prinsip keadilan baik menurut akad ijarah maupun regulasi nasional, dengan imbas signifikan terhadap hak pekerja atas upah dan pesangon. Penelitian merekomendasikan penguatan kontrak tertulis, edukasi hukum, serta optimalisasi peran lembaga mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ketenagakerjaan. Ucapan terima kasih disampaikan kepada dosen pembimbing, seluruh narasumber, dan pihak yang berkontribusi pada penelitian ini.