Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Memori Jangka Pendek Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Ingara Syahladisa Hadian (Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia)
Siti Annisa Devi Trusda (Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung)
Mochammad Faisal Afif Mochyadin (Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung)

Bandung Conference Series : Medical Science
1319-1326

Abstract. Short-term memory is an essential component of cognitive development in school-aged children, and nutritional status is believed to play a role in influencing cognitive functions, including memory. However, studies examining this association among Indonesian primary school children remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and short-term memory performance among elementary school students in Bandung City in 2025. Across-sectional design was used with a total sample of 126 fifth-grade students selected through total sampling. Nutritional status was assessed through measurements of body weight, height, and body mass index-for-age based on WHO 2007 standards. Short-term memory was evaluated using the Digit Span Forward Test. Data collection included subject selection, anthropometric measurement, and memory assessment, followed by analysis using the Fisher Exact Test (α = 0.05). The results showed that although most students had normal nutritional status, the majority demonstrated low short-term memory performance. There was no significant association between BMI-for-age and short-term memory (p = 0.093), whereas a significant relationship was found between height-for-age and short-term memory (p = 0.015). In conclusion, height-for-age was associated with short-term memory performance, while BMI-for-age was not. Abstrak. Kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek merupakan bagian penting dari perkembangan kognitif anak usia sekolah, dan status gizi diduga berperan dalam fungsi tersebut. Namun, penelitian mengenai kaitan keduanya pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara status gizi dan kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung tahun 2025. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectionaldengan total 126 siswa kelas lima sebagai sampel yang dipilih melalui total sampling. Status gizi dinilai berdasarkan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, dan indeks massa tubuh menurut usia menggunakan standar WHO 2007. Kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek diukur menggunakan Digit Span Forward Test. Pengumpulan data meliputi seleksi subjek, pengukuran antropometri, dan pelaksanaan tes memori, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Fisher Exact Test(α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar siswa memiliki status gizi normal, tetapi kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek berada pada kategori rendah. Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara status gizi berdasarkan IMT/U dengan kemampuan mengingat (p = 0,093), namun terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status gizi berdasarkan TB/U dengan kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek (p = 0,015). Dengan demikian, status gizi menurut TB/U memiliki kaitan terhadap kemampuan mengingat jangka pendek, sedangkan IMT/U tidak.