<![CDATA[Fecal contamination in river water poses a significant risk to public health and aquatic ecosystems, while also indicating inadequate microbiological water quality. This study aimed to determine the level of fecal coliform contamination in river water and compare the results against applicable water quality criteria. Water samples were collected from four sampling points in City X. Fecal coliform concentrations were estimated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) multiple-tube fermentation method, which includes a presumptive test and a confirmatory test, utilizing Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB), Brilliant Green Lactose Bile (BGLB) broth, and EC Broth. Incubation was conducted at 35 ± 0.5°C for the detection of total coliforms and at 44.5 ± 0.2°C for the detection of fecal coliforms. The data were analyzed descriptively by interpreting the combinations of positive tubes using MPN statistical tables, and the resulting concentrations were then compared against a reference criterion of 1,000 MPN/100 mL. The results indicate fecal coliform counts of 35,000, 14,000, 54,000, and 92,000 MPN/100 mL for sampling points A, B, C, and D, respectively; sample D recorded the highest concentration, while sample B recorded the lowest. These findings demonstrate spatial variation in fecal coliform concentrations across the sampled locations. ]]>
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