<![CDATA[The aim of the study was to effectively evaluate and analyze the level of a student’s critical thinking skills in relation to the topic of Sound Wave and to find out the factors affecting these skills during the learning process. The quantitative descriptive technique was used in this study, which included the application of a critical thinking test with five Facione indicators involving 58 students from the 12th grade of SMAN 7 Surabaya. The study results indicated an average score of 56%, which is considered low, but still revealed a good variety of abilities: 12% were very high, 14% were high, 17% were moderate, 34% were low, and 22% were very low. The students’ inability to create connections among concepts and to conclude from empirical data marked the main weakness in the areas of inference and analysis. The detailed mapping of particular critical thinking skills in sound wave content using Facione’s framework is one of the main contributions of this research, as it points to the specific indicators that require more focused intervention. Overall, the study confirms the importance of employing an explorative instrument and a learner-centered method in the process of molding critical thinking. Keywords: Critical Thinking; Scientific Reasoning; Sound Wave; Physics Learning]]>
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