Research on the psychological factors that affect employee performance has grown in response to the higher demand for organizational productivity and individual adaptation in today’s work environment. This study aims to review various research on self-efficacy and employee performance in modern organizations. This study used a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and collected data from the Scopus database from 2020 to 2025. After a careful selection process, 30 articles were chosen and analyzed to find the research patterns, main theories, and current trends. This study provides a comprehensive overview of how the literature on self-efficacy and employee performance has developed, including an analysis of trends in the theory and global publication patterns. The study also highlights the importance of self-efficacy as a psychological factor that affects individual behavior and performance in organizations, with key implications for human resource management and policy development in the digital era.
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