<![CDATA[Rapid land subsidence is commonly experienced along the northern coast of Java, Indonesia, and this geological natural hazard tends to severely threaten infrastructure, including environmental degradation. Despite the urgency to mitigate rapid land subsidence in cities such as Pekalongan, the comprehensively mapping remains challenging due to inherent methodological limitations. The use of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) provides high-density deformation mapping, with its measurements inherently relative and restricted to the satellite’s one-dimensional line-of-sight (LOS). The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) offered absolute three-dimensional coordinates but lacked continuous spatial coverage. Several existing studies failed to associate precise subsidence rates with spatiotemporal land-use and land-cover (LULC) transformations. However, this study introduced a novel, integrated geospatial framework that simultaneously resolved geodetic limitations and quantified surface impacts. The main aim focused on combining a GNSS-InSAR inversion framework for absolute spatial mapping with a Google Earth Engine (GEE)-based evaluation of the corresponding land-use dynamics. The developed model identified the main subsidence bowl, which decreased at a peak rate of 10.9 cm per year. Moreover, in coastal Pekalongan, alterations in land cover have led to significant land subsidence, profoundly affecting the area such in Wonokerto, Siwalan, and Mulyorejo.]]>
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