<![CDATA[Labor productivity is a key determinant of operational efficiency and production performance in the oil palm plantation industry. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of socioeconomic characteristics on harvester productivity, while empirical evidence from state-owned plantations operating under standardized management systems remains limited. This study therefore examines the effects of wages, age, educational level, number of family dependents, and years of service on the labor productivity of oil palm harvesters at PTPN IV Regional I Ambalutu Estate, North Sumatra, Indonesia. A quantitative approach with a census sampling technique was employed, involving all 67 harvesters as respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The results showed that wages had a positive and significant effect on labor productivity (p < 0.05), whereas age, educational level, family dependents, and years of service had no significant effects. The regression model was statistically significant with an adjusted R² of 0.509, indicating that 50.9% of the variation in labor productivity was explained by the variables included in the model. These findings indicate that performance-based wage systems play a more important role in improving labor productivity than workers’ socioeconomic characteristics in a state-owned plantation context. The study contributes to labor productivity literature by providing empirical evidence from a standardized management environment and offers practical implications]]>
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