<![CDATA[This study examines the influence of financial literacy and financial technology on financial inclusion among palm oil-processing micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. The study addresses a contextual gap concerning a specific agribusiness subsector in which financial administration remains relatively simple and digital financial use is concentrated in routine transactions. A quantitative explanatory design was applied to 100 identified MSMEs, from which 50 respondents were selected using simple random sampling. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula with a 10% error tolerance. Primary data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4. The measurement model met the required validity and reliability criteria. Financial literacy had a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion (β = 0.452; p = 0.001), and financial technology also had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.335; p = 0.002). The structural model explained 31.4% of the variance in financial inclusion (R² = 0.314; Adjusted R² = 0.284). Descriptive index scores were 80.52% for financial literacy, 67.12% for financial technology, and 82.44% for financial inclusion. The findings indicate that strengthening practical financial capability should be accompanied by appropriate digital-financial adoption. The study contributes sector-specific evidence for palm oil-processing MSMEs in Medan and implies that MSME-support programs should combine financial-literacy training, digital-finance education, and sustained assistance.]]>
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