<![CDATA[The increasing criminalization of bankruptcy curators by bad faith debtors exposes a normative gap in Indonesian bankruptcy law concerning legal protection for curators performing court-mandated duties. This study aims to examine the existing legal framework governing curator protection under Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations from a human rights perspective and to formulate a human rights-based normative reconstruction. This research employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis is based on primary legal materials, secondary legal literature, and relevant non-legal materials, and is conducted through a prescriptive legal analysis. The findings reveal that the current legal framework emphasizes the authority and liability of curators but lacks preventive legal safeguards against abusive criminal proceedings. Therefore, the study proposes reconstructing the legal framework by incorporating qualified functional immunity, preventive screening mechanisms, institutional oversight, and human rights principles to strengthen legal certainty, professional protection, and the effectiveness of Indonesia's bankruptcy system]]>
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