This study examines the effects of lifestyle and work-life balance on employee performance among working students in Jakarta and investigates whether internal locus of control moderates these relationships. A quantitative approach was employed, involving 100 full-time employees who were pursuing undergraduate or postgraduate studies and were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The results indicate that lifestyle has a positive but statistically insignificant effect on employee performance (β = 0.126, p = 0.218), whereas work-life balance has a positive and statistically significant effect (β = 0.260, p = 0.011). Furthermore, internal locus of control does not significantly moderate the relationship between lifestyle and employee performance (β = 0.138, p = 0.233) or the relationship between work-life balance and employee performance (β = −0.107, p = 0.346). These findings suggest that work-life balance is an important predictor of employee performance among working students in the study sample. However, the proposed moderating role of internal locus of control is not supported by the empirical evidence. This study highlights the importance of work-life balance in human resource management and indicates the need for further research into the individual and contextual factors associated with employee performance among working students.
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