Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 4 2026

Indonesia's Multi Track Diplomacy in Protecting the Educational Rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers' (IMW) Children in Malaysia

Anbar Zahira (Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Oct 2026

Abstract

This study aims to determine the role of Indonesia's Multi Track Diplomacy in protecting the right to education of Indonesian migrant workers' (IMWs) children in Malaysia. A qualitative-descriptive approach was used, with data collected through interviews, document-based research, and internet-based research, focusing on four tracks of Multi Track Diplomacy: government, non-government/professional, private citizens, and research, training and education. The results show that the government track produced the establishment of the Indonesian School of Kota Kinabalu (SIKK), Community Learning Centers (CLC), and the Indonesian Community Center (ICC) through the Annual Consultation forum. The non-government/professional track is carried out by Humana, Sabah Bridge, NGO PERMAI, and YPPAI, which reach children in remote plantation areas through education services, training, advocacy, and repatriation scholarships. The private-citizen track is represented by local assistant teachers who support Indonesia-assigned teachers in the classroom. The research, training and education track is carried out through international community-service programs conducted by various Indonesian universities. Overall, Indonesia's Multi Track Diplomacy has proven effective in fulfilling the right to education of Indonesian migrant workers' children in Malaysia through the collaborative involvement of both state and non-state actors.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jrest

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Social Sciences

Description

FOCUS AND SCOPE JSRET (Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology) encourages scientific and technological research, particularly with regard to Indonesia, but not just in terms of authorship or regional coverage of current issues. Scientists, instructors, senior researchers, project ...