Journal of Language and Literature
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): October

Meaning-Making in Invitations in Global Englishes: A Cross-Cultural Systemic Functional Study of Indonesian and Yemeni EFL Learners

Ali Mohammed Saleh Al-Hamzi (Mahweet University)
Ni Wayan Sartini (Airlangga University)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Oct 2026

Abstract

This paper explores the meaning-making in performative speech acts of invitation in Global Englishes, with particular reference to Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory, focusing on comparing EFL learners from Indonesia and Yemen. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, thirty EFL students from Indonesia, namely Airlangga University, and thirty EFL students from Yemen, Sana’a University, took part in a Discourse Completion Task (DCT). From the analysis, it is revealed that Indonesian students preferred using ‘indirect strategies,’ such as ‘Yes/No questions,’ ‘asking for willingness,’ and ‘Wh-questions,’ as they carry ‘ordered density,’ whereas EFL students from Yemen used ‘direct strategies,’ i.e., ‘imperatives,’ ‘Yes/No questions,’ as it is ‘acceptable’ in social practice. There is an influence of L1 transfer in both groups, as they preferred transferring ‘utterances’ from L1 English, ignoring ‘syntactic differences.’

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Journal Info

Abbrev

joll

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Description

Journal of Language and Literature (JOLL) is an open access journal that refereed publication devoted to research articles and conceptual articles concerned with linguistics, literature, translation, and cultural ...