<![CDATA[Elections are held periodically to select national leaders and legislative representatives who are expected to effectively carry out their constitutional and democratic mandates. Indonesia’s 2024 general election presented both new challenges and opportunities, particularly as electoral competition increasingly expanded into digital spaces. The growing reliance on digital platforms has transformed conventional campaign strategies and encouraged candidates and political actors to adopt emerging technologies to communicate with voters, disseminate political messages, and mobilize public support. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as an increasingly important instrument for conducting electoral campaigns in more innovative, targeted, and efficient ways. Nevertheless, the use of AI in electoral processes also raises significant legal concerns, particularly regarding transparency, accountability, personal data protection, the dissemination of AI-generated content, and the potential manipulation of information and voter preferences. Accordingly, the development of an electoral system involving AI requires a coherent and integrated legal framework. This article argues that closer regulatory alignment is required among Indonesia’s Election Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the Personal Data Protection Law. Regulatory fragmentation and overlapping provisions may create legal uncertainty concerning the responsibilities of candidates, political parties, digital platforms, and other actors using AI during elections. Harmonization among these regulatory frameworks is therefore essential to establish clear standards of accountability, transparency, and personal data protection throughout AI-assisted electoral processes, particularly in political campaigning and other technology-mediated electoral activities. Ultimately, an integrated regulatory approach is necessary to ensure that technological innovation can be accommodated without undermining legal certainty, electoral integrity, and the fundamental principles of democratic elections.]]>
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