Women and children remain highly vulnerable to exploitation, necessitating a strong constitutional framework to ensure their protection. This study aims to explore the constitutional obligations of the state under Indonesian law to proactively protect these vulnerable groups. The study employs a normative legal approach by analysing existing constitutional mandates and their practical implementation. The findings indicate that, although constitutional guarantees are in place, significant shortcomings remain in institutional coordination and resource allocation. Therefore, a human rights perspective must be integrated into all levels of policymaking to ensure that constitutional protection is translated into actionable and effective enforcement mechanisms.
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