<![CDATA[Government procurement connects public expenditure with the delivery of essential goods, infrastructure, and services. Corruption within this process raises questions about how criminal responsibility should be attributed among public officials, suppliers, intermediaries, and corporations. This article examines the legal requirements for establishing criminal liability in government procurement in Jambi City under the Indonesian legal framework applicable through 2025. It employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by judicial interpretation and relevant scholarship. The analysis distinguishes procurement irregularities, contractual non-performance, and conduct satisfying the elements of corruption offences. It argues that responsibility must be established through an individual assessment of unlawful conduct, culpability, participation, and the requirements of the particular offence charged. Actual state financial loss is necessary for offences under Articles 2(1) and 3 of the Corruption Eradication Law, while bribery offences require a different evidentiary inquiry. Corporate responsibility also demands an examination of organisational involvement rather than reliance solely on a director’s position. The article proposes a procurement-stage accountability framework for application in Jambi City. Effective enforcement requires precise offence classification, reliable evidence, proportionate sanctions, and coordinated financial recovery.]]>
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